Neo Colonialism
The obscure we see eventually.
The completely obvious, it seems, takes longer
--Edward R. Murrow
We are never deceived; we deceive ourselves
--Goethe
Quick decisions are unsafe decisions
--Sophocles
For I have sworn thee fair,
and thought thee bright,
who art as black as hell,
as dark as night
--Sonnet 147, Shakespeare
________________
A recent New York Times feature discussed Infantry and combat soldiers getting pedicures because their boots are so harsh on their feet.
Imagine that! Soldiers now train and run in running shoes, versus my generation which did everything to include physical training in our boots. When was the last time someone ran in combat in running shoes?
Anyway, the pedicures started Ranger thinking about comparisons between counterinsurgency, then (Vietnam) and now. (He is wearing his Special Forces cap while making the comparisons.)
In Vietnam -- as in Iraq and Afghanistan -- there were serious disconnects between COIN as practiced by SF units versus that practiced by maneuver units. The advisers of Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) shared the SF experience and deserve to be called Special Ops since they actually lived, fought and died serving VN units as embedded advisers.
In the Vietnam war, SF types lived, worked and stood side-by-side with the Vietnamese and indigenous troops. We knew them as soldiers and friends and knew their families, attending weddings, funerals and celebrations. We were invited into their homes, we ate and drank together, played and had personal realtionships.
Many say disapraging things about the RVN's ability to fight, but Ranger served with RVN soldiers that fought at Dien Bien Phu and were combat-hardened and wise. They were at DBP, but they were Viet Minh, and crossed to the South after the Communist takeover of the North. They had forgotten more about fighting than most U.S. officers knew.
Most of the VN/SF officers were educated and westernized and spoke both French and English. Most were Catholic. Yet despite all of this, we still lost. [But there is a karmic gain, as we now have Asian nail salons in every mall in America and on the bases in the Phony War on Terror (PWOT ©) to tend to the soldier's rough paws.]
But seriously: though COIN strategy in RVN was solid and institutional, it could not change the reality of the war. That reality was that colonialism of any form was longer acceptable. Any government government was more acceptable to the VN than one imposed from external sources. That is one lesson from COIN in VN we still have not gotten.
Soldiers who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan can describe their own experiences implementing COIN, but Ranger cautions them to sweep aside the rhetoric and see what is real. What is real is not U.S. combat power alone. Tom Ricks The Gamble explains why Iraq is a political failure, even as it seems The Surge was a military success.
Ricks says violence went down for a number of reasons, including the U.S. shift to protecting the Iraqis by functioning more like soldiers on the beat. But the troops are not cops. Policing should be the function of the Iraqi Army and police.
Iraqi interpreters are back to wearing face masks to conceal their identity (Iraqi Interpreters May Wear Masks.) That says something about the U.S. reception seven years on.
--Jim
Labels: COIN, colonialism, counterinsurgency, phony war on terror, PWOT, vietnam and iraq
4 Comments:
And who want's to be the last soldier to die in Iraq?
who indeed?
one thing that struck me later in life, when reflecting on my brief career in the military, was that every single place where there were people who were pissed off enough to shoot at me had, at one time, usually pretty recently, been a european colony.
israel? gaza? egypt? iraq? afghanistan? vietnam? angola? the list is truly endless.
i did get into what colonial styles seemed to lend themselves to leaving civil war behind. the belgians, with private personal control of a colony, where a single person owns the land and lives of all the inhabitants, is probably the worst. the spanish a close second because they tended to leave behind a system where the local idea of government was modeled by a second or bastard son whose main focus while there was to steal enough, quickly enough, to get the hell out as fast as possible.
i think the biggest blunder that the europeans (and using the european model, the americans) make is with their boundries. when a large, autonomous and distinct populations like the kurds, or the pashtun, or the bantu, or the hmong, find themselves divided by an arbitrary line on a map they tend to view that line as bullshit.
roger your experience on the marvins jim. although, once one left the bigger cities, and bigger bases the type of people encountered were, by in large, buhddist, or even animist. the use of french and english, the embrace of catholicism was pretty much an indication of the class which collaborated with the french.
still, as fighters, as soldiers, they produced some stellar examples of the discipline. i would rank the arvn kit carson squads up there with special forces from anywhere else in the world. i met, and trusted my life to some absolutely wild arvn pilots and boat drivers.
i think the big difference in the experience of macv and sog troops was that experience of knowing our comrades-in-arms. it's hard to stand in the line of a phalanx with people you don't or would rather not trust.
i must add in, though, that one of the over riding things i encountered was a systemic, and high level corruption in the provincial and civic level of command and government. again, back to that colonial model.
when i was able to understand that the guys i respected, loved, and fought beside in the arvn had been sold as shamelessly and inevitably down the river as i had been, i became much less critical.
Great post! And your comment, even more so. I wondered why soldiers volunteered to be in MACV (which we provided with aviation support) considering how isolated the places these guys served in.
But it was obvious that the local troops they were allied with were much more soldiers than I was. The most stunning sight was a skinny Montagnard carrying a BAR which was longer than he was tall.
I can't buy your claim that we lost in Vietnam because it is impossible to win a colonial war. For one thing, we had been gone for over two years when South Vietnam fell. For another, over 1 million South Vietnamese troops fought for the government we left behind. They failed because they lacked fuel and ammunition which forced President Thieu to order an ill-advised retreat.
It was American politicians who cut off funding for the war who essentially brought it to an end. I think you sell yourself and your comrades short. The COIN effort basically succeeded in South Vietnam. The real question is why it took so long to implement it.
Why did Gen. Westmoreland think that a war of attrition could succeed against an enemy that could flee across the border?
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